The 1984 North Indian Ocean cyclone season was part of the annual cycle of

tropical cyclone A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system characterized by a low-pressure center, a closed low-level atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain and squalls. Depend ...

formation. The season has no official bounds but cyclones tend to form between April and December. These dates conventionally delimit the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the northern

Indian Ocean The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering or ~19.8% of the water on Earth's surface. It is bounded by Asia to the north, Africa to the west and Australia to the east. To the south it is bounded by th ...

. There are two main seas in the North Indian Ocean—the

Bay of Bengal The Bay of Bengal is the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean, bounded on the west and northwest by India, on the north by Bangladesh, and on the east by Myanmar and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands of India. Its southern limit is a line between ...

to the east of the

Indian subcontinent The Indian subcontinent is a list of the physiographic regions of the world, physiographical region in United Nations geoscheme for Asia#Southern Asia, Southern Asia. It is situated on the Indian Plate, projecting southwards into the Indian O ...

and the

Arabian Sea The Arabian Sea ( ar, اَلْبَحرْ ٱلْعَرَبِيُّ, Al-Bahr al-ˁArabī) is a region of the northern Indian Ocean bounded on the north by Pakistan, Iran and the Gulf of Oman, on the west by the Gulf of Aden, Guardafui Channel ...

to the west of India. The official

Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre A Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre (RSMC) is responsible for the distribution of information, advisories, and warnings regarding the specific program they have a part of, agreed by consensus at the World Meteorological Organization as p ...

in this basin is the India Meteorological Department (IMD), while the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) releases unofficial advisories. An average of five tropical cyclones form in the North Indian Ocean every season with peaks in May and November. Cyclones occurring between the meridians 45°E and 100°E are included in the season by the IMD.

Systems

Tropical Storm One (1A)

On May 23 a tropical disturbance developed 180nm (333km) southwest off the island of

Socotra Socotra or Soqotra (; ar, سُقُطْرَىٰ ; so, Suqadara) is an island of the Republic of Yemen in the Indian Ocean, under the ''de facto'' control of the UAE-backed Southern Transitional Council, a secessionist participant in Yemen’s ...

. The disturbance moved slowly northwestward as it developed into a tropical depression on May 24, as the system gradually strengthened to a tropical storm on May 26 and being designated 01B by the JTWC. Shortly after being designated, 01B began a gradual turn to the west, then southwest as it entered the

Gulf of Aden The Gulf of Aden ( ar, خليج عدن, so, Gacanka Cadmeed 𐒅𐒖𐒐𐒕𐒌 𐒋𐒖𐒆𐒗𐒒) is a deepwater gulf of the Indian Ocean between Yemen to the north, the Arabian Sea to the east, Djibouti to the west, and the Guardafui Channe ...

. 01B attained its peak intensity of 50 mph early on May 27, before weakening until making landfall 35 nm (65km) west of

Berbera Berbera (; so, Barbara, ar, بربرة) is the capital of the Sahil region of Somaliland and is the main sea port of the country. Berbera is a coastal city and was the former capital of the British Somaliland protectorate before Hargeisa. It ...

Somalia Somalia, , Osmanya script: 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒕𐒖; ar, الصومال, aṣ-Ṣūmāl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constituti ...

as a 40 mph tropical storm early on May 28. The storm rapidly dissipated overland that same day. There were no reports of damages or deaths from the storm. The storm was not tracked by the IMD.

Tropical Storm Two (2B)

A broad and disorganized area of convection was first detected on October 9 in the north-central Bay of Bengal. The disturbance developed into a tropical depression on October 10. The depression moved north into very favorable upper-level and shear conditions. The JTWC subsequently upgraded the depression into a tropical storm, being designated as 02B. However, land interaction and outflow from a developing Tropical Storm Susan in the

South China Sea The South China Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean. It is bounded in the north by the shores of South China (hence the name), in the west by the Indochinese Peninsula, in the east by the islands of Taiwan and northwestern Phil ...

inhibited any further development into a stronger system. 02B then moved slightly northwest as it attained its peak intensity of 50 mph, This was short-lived as strong upper-level shear began impacting the storm, gradually weakening it until making landfall 10nm (19 km) south of Balasore on October 14, before rapidly weakening overland and disspating that same day. Heavy rains were reported, but death and damage figures are unknown.

Cyclone Three (3B)

A large disturbance was first noticed by the JTWC west of

Sumatra Sumatra is one of the Sunda Islands of western Indonesia. It is the largest island that is fully within Indonesian territory, as well as the sixth-largest island in the world at 473,481 km2 (182,812 mi.2), not including adjacent i ...

on November 5. The disturbance moved slowly northwestward with little or no change in organization until November 9, when it finally developed into a tropical depression. The depression slowly intensified into a tropical storm late on November 10, and the JTWC designated it 03B. 03B then began to rapidly intensify, going from a 40 mph tropical storm to a 80 mph cyclone in less than 24 hours as it began turning north. Strengthening slowed down as it peaked as a 100 mph category 2 cyclone on November 13, before just stalling offshore Sriharikota. 03B then began being impacted by upwelling and a dramatic increase in wind shear on November 14, before being reduced to a mere convectionless low-level circulation as it made landfall just south of

Nellore Nellore is a city located on the banks of Penna River, in Nellore district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It serves as the headquarters of the district, as well as Nellore mandal and Nellore revenue division. It is the List of cities in ...

on November 15 and dissipating thereafter. Due to the storm's stall,

Storm surge A storm surge, storm flood, tidal surge, or storm tide is a coastal flood or tsunami-like phenomenon of rising water commonly associated with low-pressure weather systems, such as cyclones. It is measured as the rise in water level above the n ...

of 20 ft hit the nearby village of Durgarajupatnam which led to coastal inundation up to 3 km inland. Nearly 100,000 livestock were killed by the storm and 400,000 houses were destroyed in

Andhra Pradesh Andhra Pradesh (, abbr. AP) is a state in the south-eastern coastal region of India. It is the seventh-largest state by area covering an area of and tenth-most populous state with 49,386,799 inhabitants. It is bordered by Telangana to the ...

. In nearby Tamil Nadu, the storm brought moderate damages killing 54 people.

Cyclone Four (4B)

A large area of convection formed in the southwestern area of the Bay of Bengal on November 20. Over the next week, the disturbance moved in a semi-circular path, eventually developing into a tropical depression on November 27. The depression gradually strengthened into a tropical storm on November 28, 04B then began a two day clockwise loop in the central Bay of Bengal, strengthening into a category 1 cyclone on November 30, eventually peaking as a 85 mph cyclone as it made landfall 40 nm (70km) north of

Nagapattinam Nagapattinam (''nākappaṭṭinam'', previously spelt Nagapatnam or Negapatam) is a town in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and the administrative headquarters of Nagapattinam District. The town came to prominence during the period of Medieval ...

on December 1. 04B then rapidly weakened overland before restrengthening back into a tropical depression over the eastern Arabian Sea on December 2. 04B reattained tropical storm status late on December 3, as it gradually restrengthened into a 70 mph tropical storm on December 5. 04B kept this intensity for a day as shear increased as it approached southern Somalia, making landfall as a dissipating tropical storm on December 7. The system fully dissipated as it reemerged into the Arabian Sea on December 8.

References

External links

India Meteorological DepartmentJoint Typhoon Warning Center
{{TC Decades, Year=1980, basin=North Indian Ocean, type=cyclone 1984 NIO